How to Prevent Kennel Cough in Dogs

Kennel cough is a common and highly contagious respiratory disease that can affect dogs of all ages and breeds, and regardless of health. This disease is usually caused by the bacteria Bordetella bronchiseptica or Mycoplasma, though it can also be caused by viruses such as parainfluenza or adenovirus 2. Kennel cough can cause inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and in more severe cases, the lungs themselves.

Dogs with kennel cough will appear generally healthy, but will have a persistent cough that is usually made worse by excitement, exercise, or pressure on the neck by a collar or leash. This cough will be harsh, dry, and may be accompanied by gagging or retching. More severe infections might lead to a runny nose or fever, difficulty breathing, or listlessness. A dog with these signs of advanced infection should be taken to a veterinarian immediately.

Though generally mild, this disease can cause secondary infections in puppies, older dogs, and any canine with a weak immune system, sometime leading to death. This being the case, prevention is the best way to control kennel cough.

A vaccine is available from most veterinarians to help the body develop immunity to the bacteria and viruses that cause kennel cough. In order for this vaccine to be fully effective, it must be given at least three days before exposure to animals that may have this disease, so ensure your dog has the vaccine well in advance of attending any obedience classes. For dogs who are at risk, such as those housed in kennels, shelters, doggy day cares, or groomers, this vaccine should be repeated every six to ten months.

Kennels or any area where dogs are housed should be disinfection regularly to help prevent the spread of kennel cough. A disinfectant with bleach will help to prevent the bacteria from spreading, but ensure that the kennel is well rinsed afterwards for the safety of all dogs in the area. Keep all food and water dishes clean, perhaps by running them through a dishwasher.

It is important to isolate any dogs showing signs of kennel cough, as the disease is easily spread through contact. Even after the symptoms pass, the dog is contagious for up to fourteen weeks after infection. Keep any dog that has had kennel cough quarantined for at least fourteen weeks, unless a veterinarian instructs otherwise.

Kennels should all have adequate ventilation. Those kennels which do not have proper air circulation are breeding grounds for the viruses and bacteria that cause kennel cough. While this is not an issue for outdoor areas, indoor kennels are often lacking in ventilation. Proper nutrition, routine de-worming, and up-to-date vaccinations may also help to prevent the spread of kennel cough.

For the most part, kennel cough can be prevented with a combination of vaccination, proper hygiene, and good health on the part of the dog. Consult a veterinarian for additional tips and ideas on how to prevent, control, or treat kennel cough.